Changes

= Lesson 96 - Corrective Exercises And Their Application =

= Lesson 96 - Corrective Exercises And Their Application =

== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

Humans were designed to live active out-of-doors lives, to forage for food, to seek shel- ter where it could be found and as need arose. They were structured to live among the trees and in the forest, to do physical labor for agricultural purposes, to tend to the har- vest and to pick the fruit from tree and vine.

Humans were designed to live active out-of-doors lives, to forage for food, to seek shelter where it could be found and as need arose. They were structured to live among the trees and in the forest, to do physical labor for agricultural purposes, to tend to the harvest and to pick the fruit from tree and vine.

But humans were not designed to live in air-tight houses, to sit at a desk for hours on end, or to apply their minds constantly and continuously to solving multiple problems. Humans were not made to toil under electric lights or to sit passively for hours reclining in an overstuffed easy chair passively watching phantom figures flitting by on a televi- sion screen, all the while receiving multiple nerve impingements due to electrical and radiation impulses emanating from an electrical box and being transmitted through the ether.

But humans were not designed to live in air-tight houses, to sit at a desk for hours on end, or to apply their minds constantly and continuously to solving multiple problems. Humans were not made to toil under electric lights or to sit passively for hours reclining in an overstuffed easy chair passively watching phantom figures flitting by on a television screen, all the while receiving multiple nerve impingements due to electrical and radiation impulses emanating from an electrical box and being transmitted through the ether.

Neither were humans designed to eat as the average person eats in today’s world but, to the contrary, people were provided with certain digestive organs possessing well-de- fined physiological limitations and capabilities, organs made to process simple natural foods freshly gathered and served in the simplest of combinations, if combined at all.

Neither were humans designed to eat as the average person eats in today’s world but, to the contrary, people were provided with certain digestive organs possessing well-defined physiological limitations and capabilities, organs made to process simple natural foods freshly gathered and served in the simplest of combinations, if combined at all.

Probably in no other country in the entire world has the available food been so al- tered and changed and in such a short time as in the U.S., although presently many coun- tries of the world are fast imitating “The American Way,” and reaping the same “ben- efits.” Dr. Edmond Bordeaux Szekely in his The Book of Living Foods points out that, “From the starch-loaded, high-calorie fuel foods of our pioneer ancestors (who presum- ably needed strength to fight the Indians, who in turn won many battles eating only nuts and berries), to the “breatharians” of the 20s, ... our history has been studded with all kinds of nutritional facts and fancies.”

Probably in no other country in the entire world has the available food been so altered and changed and in such a short time as in the U.S., although presently many countries of the world are fast imitating “The American Way,” and reaping the same “benefits.” Dr. Edmond Bordeaux Szekely in his The Book of Living Foods points out that, “From the starch-loaded, high-calorie fuel foods of our pioneer ancestors (who presumably needed strength to fight the Indians, who in turn won many battles eating only nuts and berries), to the “breatharians” of the 20s, ... our history has been studded with all kinds of nutritional facts and fancies.”

As on many past occasions, the U.S. Government is again expressing dismay at the lack of physical fitness among children and young people in general. On all sides, even a casual observer of the current sad scene can see stuffed noses, curved spines, mouths dangling wide open, a lack of symmetry to childish bodies, sadly restricted by malaligned organs and a veritable host of encumbrances of one kind or another. Hygien- ists have no lack of opportunity to do their best to correct that which obviously presents a major threat to the on-going vitality of our nation.

As on many past occasions, the U.S. Government is again expressing dismay at the lack of physical fitness among children and young people in general. On all sides, even a casual observer of the current sad scene can see stuffed noses, curved spines, mouths dangling wide open, a lack of symmetry to childish bodies, sadly restricted by malaligned organs and a veritable host of encumbrances of one kind or another. Hygienists have no lack of opportunity to do their best to correct that which obviously presents a major threat to the on-going vitality of our nation.

There can be no doubt that only a full application of all known Hygienic principles and total obedience to the biodynamics of our organic existence can save the human race from extinction and return it to its former pristine and perfect form. We have strayed mightily and willfully far from the physical beauty of face and form and lack the strength of the men, women and children of ancient Greece. In no way do our children and

There can be no doubt that only a full application of all known Hygienic principles and total obedience to the biodynamics of our organic existence can save the human race from extinction and return it to its former pristine and perfect form. We have strayed mightily and willfully far from the physical beauty of face and form and lack the strength of the men, women and children of ancient Greece. In no way do our children and

young people bear any resemblance to the strong and straight offspring of the Mongols of northern China or even the young Romans who lived in earlier centuries; and few- er yet adults who presently possess the strength and erectness of posture evidenced by the Greek dock-workers, for instance, of Sylvester Graham’s time. Flat-footed, spines curved in and out and sideways, the men and women of today’s world wend their weary way with stiffened muscles and osteoporotic bones.

young people bear any resemblance to the strong and straight offspring of the Mongols of northern China or even the young Romans who lived in earlier centuries; and fewer yet adults who presently possess the strength and erectness of posture evidenced by the Greek dock-workers, for instance, of Sylvester Graham’s time. Flat-footed, spines curved in and out and sideways, the men and women of today’s world wend their weary way with stiffened muscles and osteoporotic bones.

It will probably take many generations of Hygienic living to return the human race to some semblance of what full health and perfect form can offer. We can only imag- ine such a time and place. However, the correct and consistent application of corrective exercises and a Hygienic lifestyle can at least improve the lot of some individuals who might otherwise suffer either now or at some time in the future from an ailment which, in the final analysis, might well be traced back to some deviation of the physical struc- ture from the norm, such deviation being of either major or minor importance.

It will probably take many generations of Hygienic living to return the human race to some semblance of what full health and perfect form can offer. We can only imagine such a time and place. However, the correct and consistent application of corrective exercises and a Hygienic lifestyle can at least improve the lot of some individuals who might otherwise suffer either now or at some time in the future from an ailment which, in the final analysis, might well be traced back to some deviation of the physical structure from the norm, such deviation being of either major or minor importance.

In this discussion, therefore, we will simply describe certain structural malforma- tions giving, in some instances but not in all, the possible future negative consequences vis a vis the overall health of an individual who remains thus encumbered, and then pre- sent certain corrective measures which have been found to produce salubrious results in the past and which may prove of benefit in working with a particular client.

In this discussion, therefore, we will simply describe certain structural malformations giving, in some instances but not in all, the possible future negative consequences vis a vis the overall health of an individual who remains thus encumbered, and then present certain corrective measures which have been found to produce salubrious results in the past and which may prove of benefit in working with a particular client.

Obviously, there can be no guarantee that existing structural defects can be altered to such an extent and in such a manner as to return the body to a perfectly-normal state. There are always many determining factors that influence the direction, extensiveness, and effectiveness of physical therapy, just as there are in all remedial effort.

Obviously, there can be no guarantee that existing structural defects can be altered to such an extent and in such a manner as to return the body to a perfectly-normal state. There are always many determining factors that influence the direction, extensiveness, and effectiveness of physical therapy, just as there are in all remedial effort.

We refer to such factors as the overall health and vitality of a person, how fully s/ he understands exactly what s/he must do and why, how well s/he applies him or herself in the doing, mental attitude and natural intelligence, concentration on the task at hand, how well s/he lives his/her life in accordance with the universal laws of nature, the en- couragement and familial support s/he receives, etc. Only in rare instances perhaps will total performance and total benefit be achieved, but even minor positive changes can add up, in the final analysis, to improved appearance and many years of more enjoyable and healthful living.

We refer to such factors as the overall health and vitality of a person, how fully s/ he understands exactly what s/he must do and why, how well s/he applies him or herself in the doing, mental attitude and natural intelligence, concentration on the task at hand, how well s/he lives his/her life in accordance with the universal laws of nature, the encouragement and familial support s/he receives, etc. Only in rare instances perhaps will total performance and total benefit be achieved, but even minor positive changes can add up, in the final analysis, to improved appearance and many years of more enjoyable and healthful living.

Because of the nature of this discussion, there seems to be no valid point in quizzing students on the lesson content. This lesson should therefore be used as a point of refer- ence, among others which may be available, in planning corrective exercises for specific individuals having a well-defined structural defect which, in our best judgment, seems to limit their potential wellness.

Because of the nature of this discussion, there seems to be no valid point in quizzing students on the lesson content. This lesson should therefore be used as a point of reference, among others which may be available, in planning corrective exercises for specific individuals having a well-defined structural defect which, in our best judgment, seems to limit their potential wellness.

== What Is A Corrective Exercise? ==

== What Is A Corrective Exercise? ==

# Hygienicexerciseswhichincludethemoregeneralexerciseroutineswhicharedesigned for Hygienic improvement of the health and vitality of an individual.

# Hygienicexerciseswhichincludethemoregeneralexerciseroutineswhicharedesigned for Hygienic improvement of the health and vitality of an individual.

# Remedialexercisesaredesignedtoaffectcertaindesirablechangesinpersonsafflicted with adverse physical results from poliomyelitis (less common now with improved san- itation than in former years), paralysis resulting from accidental or other injury, certain spastic conditions, respiratory ailments, and so on. Remedial exercises are usually done under the tutelage of a physical therapist and must be carefully monitored.

# Remedialexercisesaredesignedtoaffectcertaindesirablechangesinpersonsafflicted with adverse physical results from poliomyelitis (less common now with improved sanitation than in former years), paralysis resulting from accidental or other injury, certain spastic conditions, respiratory ailments, and so on. Remedial exercises are usually done under the tutelage of a physical therapist and must be carefully monitored.

# Corrective exercises are specific in kind, being designed and targeted for a particular area of the body and to accomplish a precise purpose. Corrective exercises can, Obvi- ously be pushed more rapidly and more vigorously than possibly might be done with remedial exercises.  96.2.2 The Physics of Corrective Exercises  The proper use of exercises to correct a deformity or anatomical defect is based on certain well-known physiological facts and physical laws.  The physiological basis for the use of corrective exercises lies in the fact that while life exists there is change. The body is always in a state of organized flux. Every day cells die and every day new cells are born—all kinds of cells including bone cells but excluding brain and nerve cells.  Brain cells, once dead, do not replace themselves. We lose several millions of brain cells every day, never to be retrieved. Severed nerves cannot be restored but intact nerves, even though damaged, do tend to improve, albeit slowly, under careful Hygienic care.  In considering the physical basis for the effectiveness of corrective exercises we ob- serve that the muscles of the human body have two main purposes:

# Corrective exercises are specific in kind, being designed and targeted for a particular area of the body and to accomplish a precise purpose. Corrective exercises can, Obviously be pushed more rapidly and more vigorously than possibly might be done with remedial exercises.  96.2.2 The Physics of Corrective Exercises  The proper use of exercises to correct a deformity or anatomical defect is based on certain well-known physiological facts and physical laws.  The physiological basis for the use of corrective exercises lies in the fact that while life exists there is change. The body is always in a state of organized flux. Every day cells die and every day new cells are born—all kinds of cells including bone cells but excluding brain and nerve cells.  Brain cells, once dead, do not replace themselves. We lose several millions of brain cells every day, never to be retrieved. Severed nerves cannot be restored but intact nerves, even though damaged, do tend to improve, albeit slowly, under careful Hygienic care.  In considering the physical basis for the effectiveness of corrective exercises we observe that the muscles of the human body have two main purposes:

# To produce a desired movement as and when directed by the central nervous control mechanisms, and

# To produce a desired movement as and when directed by the central nervous control mechanisms, and

# To hold the bones in position both in rest and in movement.  Muscles are differentiated from the various and several ligaments which are simply sheets of fibrous tissue which connect two or more bones, cartilages, or other structures; or they serve to support the fasciae or muscles and retain organs in place.  Every muscle and each ligament has received a specific name and is registered in the complex volumes of medical nomenclature, but such precise terminology is not a necessary part of a Hygienist’s training unless s/he so desires. There are many medical reference books to supply such information.  It should be remembered that it is the stronger muscles and their accompanying and therefore stronger tendons that become shortened, while the weaker muscles and their tendons become lengthened and weaker over the years.  Such changes are accompanied, in general, by a corresponding change in the length and strength of the ligaments and often, too, in the shape of the bone, and especially so in the ends of the bones where articulation occurs. Dr. Herbert M. Shelton provides an example of what may occur as when there exists a concave curvature of the spine, there simultaneously develops a shortening of the side muscles, tendons and ligaments of the individual thus impaired.  In working with clients, it must be remembered that forcing is always contraindicat- ed. Bones cannot be carried beyond their prescribed normal range of movement without causing injury to the ligaments attached to or near the joint being moved. It is these liga- ments that bind the bones and permit their articulatory movement. Damaged and injured ligaments can prove extremely painful and difficult to heal.  It is the counterbalancing effect of muscles together with the constant turnover of cells that gives effectiveness to corrective exercises.

# To hold the bones in position both in rest and in movement.  Muscles are differentiated from the various and several ligaments which are simply sheets of fibrous tissue which connect two or more bones, cartilages, or other structures; or they serve to support the fasciae or muscles and retain organs in place.  Every muscle and each ligament has received a specific name and is registered in the complex volumes of medical nomenclature, but such precise terminology is not a necessary part of a Hygienist’s training unless s/he so desires. There are many medical reference books to supply such information.  It should be remembered that it is the stronger muscles and their accompanying and therefore stronger tendons that become shortened, while the weaker muscles and their tendons become lengthened and weaker over the years.  Such changes are accompanied, in general, by a corresponding change in the length and strength of the ligaments and often, too, in the shape of the bone, and especially so in the ends of the bones where articulation occurs. Dr. Herbert M. Shelton provides an example of what may occur as when there exists a concave curvature of the spine, there simultaneously develops a shortening of the side muscles, tendons and ligaments of the individual thus impaired.  In working with clients, it must be remembered that forcing is always contraindicated. Bones cannot be carried beyond their prescribed normal range of movement without causing injury to the ligaments attached to or near the joint being moved. It is these ligaments that bind the bones and permit their articulatory movement. Damaged and injured ligaments can prove extremely painful and difficult to heal.  It is the counterbalancing effect of muscles together with the constant turnover of cells that gives effectiveness to corrective exercises.

== Deformity Is Widespread ==

== Deformity Is Widespread ==

96.3.2 The Most Common Deformities

96.3.2 The Most Common Deformities

There is widespread deformity among the populace today, some of it absolutely ap- palling. Just a few days ago we saw a striking example of inexcusable deformity in a fully-grown adult woman, in her middle years. She was exquisitely dressed, her coiffure had been arranged with great skill, cosmetics had been artistically applied, but the over- all impression created by this woman was grotesque to an experienced eye. Her entire torso was out of alignment, a fact made very evident to us as she teetered by on her four- inch heels.

There is widespread deformity among the populace today, some of it absolutely appalling. Just a few days ago we saw a striking example of inexcusable deformity in a fully-grown adult woman, in her middle years. She was exquisitely dressed, her coiffure had been arranged with great skill, cosmetics had been artistically applied, but the overall impression created by this woman was grotesque to an experienced eye. Her entire torso was out of alignment, a fact made very evident to us as she teetered by on her four inch heels.

This woman’s entire chest cavity represented no more than one fourth of her total body height, so small in size it was. She gave the appearance of two different women trying to exist in a single body! With such impaired respiratory capacity, her days of living will be severely curtailed. We doubt if very much could be done to correct this woman’s structural defects at her stage in life. The older a person is, the more difficult it is to make changes and the longer it will take, all other things being precisely equal.

This woman’s entire chest cavity represented no more than one fourth of her total body height, so small in size it was. She gave the appearance of two different women trying to exist in a single body! With such impaired respiratory capacity, her days of living will be severely curtailed. We doubt if very much could be done to correct this woman’s structural defects at her stage in life. The older a person is, the more difficult it is to make changes and the longer it will take, all other things being precisely equal.

Another example cited by Dr. Shelton and one we can observe all too frequently in both children and adults is the size of the chest at full inspiration; that is, with deep breath. Only then is it extended somewhat close to the size it should be when fully emp- ty! As many as 85 percent of the children sitting in the secondary school classrooms today have severely-limited chest capacity.

Another example cited by Dr. Shelton and one we can observe all too frequently in both children and adults is the size of the chest at full inspiration; that is, with deep breath. Only then is it extended somewhat close to the size it should be when fully empty! As many as 85 percent of the children sitting in the secondary school classrooms today have severely-limited chest capacity.

96.3.1 What Causes Deformities?

96.3.1 What Causes Deformities?

Deformity has its roots in many errors. Obviously, most of the damage is done by the mating of two physically-deficient parents who either cared not or had little or no knowledge of the possible consequences, long-term and/or short, of their sexual union; by the poor prenatal care and feeding of mothers; by the lack of exercises during preg- nancy, during infancy and throughout childhood and by the physical restraints placed on children today who are foolishly kept indoors in classrooms for long hours sitting in unnatural positions at imperfectly-constructed desks and who receive limited and often inappropriate exercise.

Deformity has its roots in many errors. Obviously, most of the damage is done by the mating of two physically-deficient parents who either cared not or had little or no knowledge of the possible consequences, long-term and/or short, of their sexual union; by the poor prenatal care and feeding of mothers; by the lack of exercises during pregnancy, during infancy and throughout childhood and by the physical restraints placed on children today who are foolishly kept indoors in classrooms for long hours sitting in unnatural positions at imperfectly-constructed desks and who receive limited and often inappropriate exercise.

Hygienists and physical therapists generally agree that most deformities are caused by one or more of the following:

Hygienists and physical therapists generally agree that most deformities are caused by one or more of the following:

# Astigmatismthatgivesoneanincorrectassessmentofsurroundings,bothimmediateand  distant.

# Astigmatismthatgivesoneanincorrectassessmentofsurroundings,bothimmediateand  distant.

# Impairedhearing,especiallyifinonlyoneear,aconditionwhichmaycauseapersonto  turn his head to the source of sound in an effort to add visual response to the auricular.

# Impairedhearing,especiallyifinonlyoneear,aconditionwhichmaycauseapersonto  turn his head to the source of sound in an effort to add visual response to the auricular.

# Poorlightingthatcausesonetopullhistorsoawayfromamorenormalstanceandto-  ward the source of light, often an occupational hazard.

# Poorlightingthatcausesonetopullhistorsoawayfromamorenormalstanceandtoward the source of light, often an occupational hazard.

# Typeofoccupationas,forexample,thehod-carrierwhoseoneshoulderbecomeswider  and longer than the other and the bones which form it become thicker and more dense; or an interest or hobby as with the violinist who, after years of daily practice often ex-

# Typeofoccupationas,forexample,thehod-carrierwhoseoneshoulderbecomeswider  and longer than the other and the bones which form it become thicker and more dense; or an interest or hobby as with the violinist who, after years of daily practice often ex-

# Kyphosis,atermusedtoindicateanaccentuationofthebackwardcurveofthethoracic  spine. Kyphosis is a condition which imparts a rounded or hunched appearance since the convexity of the curve is outwards. The degree of curvature, of course, will vary from individual to individual, with some being acute, others less so.

# Kyphosis,atermusedtoindicateanaccentuationofthebackwardcurveofthethoracic  spine. Kyphosis is a condition which imparts a rounded or hunched appearance since the convexity of the curve is outwards. The degree of curvature, of course, will vary from individual to individual, with some being acute, others less so.

# Lordosis,ortheoppositethrustofthespinewithanexaggerationoftheforwardcurveof the spine causing the condition familiarly known as “sway back,” or hollow back. Lor- dosis is usually accompanied by awkward movement of the buttocks in walking since the deformity often extends to the pelvic area.

# Lordosis,ortheoppositethrustofthespinewithanexaggerationoftheforwardcurveof the spine causing the condition familiarly known as “sway back,” or hollow back. Lor- dosis is usually accompanied by awkward movement of the buttocks in walking since the deformity often extends to the pelvic area.

# Scoliosis,atermusedtoindicatetheside-to-sidecurveofthespinalcolumnwithcurva- ture either to the left or right to form either a C curve or to both the left and the right to form an S curve. The affected person tends to “list” to one side.  Any or all of the above deformities can be multiple in kind as, for example, a com- bination of both kyphosis and lordosis; or one or more can be combined with individual vertebral malformations and/or rotations of one or more of the vertebrae of the spine.  Spinal abnormalities sometimes appear at birth, perhaps during the growing years, but they usually just creep up on a person as he slowly deteriorates biologically over the years. Generally speaking, the above deformities will usually be the kind that will come to the attention of the Hygienists after they have been well developed.  Spinal abnormalities, which are far and away the most common, and regardless of how classified, generally develop silently and stealthily, without pain. It is interesting to note that perhaps as much as 30 percent of the bone structure can deteriorate before such deterioration can be detected by X rays.  According to the Scoliosis Research Society of the American Academy of Or- thopaedic Surgeons, about 10 percent of the adolescent population have some degree of scoliosis. Parenthetically, scoliosis should not be confused with poor posture.  The Scoliosis Foundation states that “there are currently no medications to treat sco- liosis, nor can its onset be prevented.” Hygienists would agree that the condition cannot be “treated” with drugs but do not agree that such a deformity cannot be “prevented.” The human body, like all living things, always tends to grow toward perfection when given the proper tools. We agree with the Foundation in saying that the treatment is me- chanical, but we go further in that in any program designed to correct any deformity, it is necessary to employ all the known requisites of organic existence as and when re- quired and as present capacity indicates, these used in conjunction with certain exercises specifically designed to correct the existing defect.

# Scoliosis,atermusedtoindicatetheside-to-sidecurveofthespinalcolumnwithcurvature either to the left or right to form either a C curve or to both the left and the right to form an S curve. The affected person tends to “list” to one side.  Any or all of the above deformities can be multiple in kind as, for example, a combination of both kyphosis and lordosis; or one or more can be combined with individual vertebral malformations and/or rotations of one or more of the vertebrae of the spine.  Spinal abnormalities sometimes appear at birth, perhaps during the growing years, but they usually just creep up on a person as he slowly deteriorates biologically over the years. Generally speaking, the above deformities will usually be the kind that will come to the attention of the Hygienists after they have been well developed.  Spinal abnormalities, which are far and away the most common, and regardless of how classified, generally develop silently and stealthily, without pain. It is interesting to note that perhaps as much as 30 percent of the bone structure can deteriorate before such deterioration can be detected by X rays.  According to the Scoliosis Research Society of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, about 10 percent of the adolescent population have some degree of scoliosis. Parenthetically, scoliosis should not be confused with poor posture.  The Scoliosis Foundation states that “there are currently no medications to treat scoliosis, nor can its onset be prevented.” Hygienists would agree that the condition cannot be “treated” with drugs but do not agree that such a deformity cannot be “prevented.” The human body, like all living things, always tends to grow toward perfection when given the proper tools. We agree with the Foundation in saying that the treatment is mechanical, but we go further in that in any program designed to correct any deformity, it is necessary to employ all the known requisites of organic existence as and when required and as present capacity indicates, these used in conjunction with certain exercises specifically designed to correct the existing defect.

== The Spine  ==

== The Spine  ==

96.4.7 Exercises to Strengthen Side Muscles

96.4.7 Exercises to Strengthen Side Muscles

The bony part of the spine is made up of a series of separate bones called vertebrae. In humans, the vertebrae are stacked “like a column of poker chips.” They are held to- gether by the ligaments.

The bony part of the spine is made up of a series of separate bones called vertebrae. In humans, the vertebrae are stacked “like a column of poker chips.” They are held together by the ligaments.

The number of vertebrae vary, among different species of animals but, in man, the spinal column contains 33 vertebrae, as follows:

The number of vertebrae vary, among different species of animals but, in man, the spinal column contains 33 vertebrae, as follows:

* 12 thoracic or dorsal vertebrae in the region of the chest or thorax. These provide the  attachments for twelve pairs of ribs.

* 12 thoracic or dorsal vertebrae in the region of the chest or thorax. These provide the  attachments for twelve pairs of ribs.

* 5 lumbar vertebrae in the small of the back.

* 5 lumbar vertebrae in the small of the back.

* 5 fused sacral vertebrae forming a solid bone, the sacrum, which fits like a wedge be-  tween the hip bones.  Plus a number of vertebrae which are fused together to form the bottom or base of the spine, known as the coccyx at the bottom of the sacrum.  During the fetal period, the spinal column forms a single curve with the convex sur- face toward the back. However, at birth, two main curvatures are present, both of which are concave forward. The upper curvature is located in the thoracic and the lower one in the sacral region. With normal development, two compensatory forward curvatures develop in the cervical and lumbar regions, just above the primary curvatures. These provide the resiliency which a stacked bone structure could not possibly provide. Unfor- tunately, as we have noted, a perfectly-formed spine is a rarity, indeed, in today’s world.  As can be seen in the diagrams which follow, the vertebrae serve as protective hous- ing for the spinal cord which functions in the transmission of ascending impulses from all parts of the total body up to the brain and of descending impulses and directives from the brain via the cord to all parts of the total body. This housing is known as the spinal canal. Peripheral nerves from many parts of the body enter into this housing and are affiliated with the main nerve cord. These transmit all manner of information from pe- ripheral centers to the cord and thence to the brain and also appropriate responses from the cerebral centers back to the peripheral regions, and finally to individual cells. Every single muscular movement requires this transmission of information, the cerebral inter- pretation and the psychological and physical result(s) of the interpretation, the response.  96.4.1 Not Just a Cosmetic Problem  A spinal abnormality is not just a cosmetic problem, although that can be psycholog- ically damaging in itself since it can lead possibly to rejection by one’s peers particularly during the teen years and to depression and social isolation.  But, additionally, since all such irregularities tend to cramp all the abdominal and chest organs and can act. as an impediment to breathing, to digestion, and, in fact, to all bodily processes and will continue to do so throughout all of a shortened life, they should be corrected as early as possible and to the extent possible.  Unless mechanical corrective exercises and perhaps even braces are worn, the defor- mity can provide a seat for continued degenerative processes with later development of arthritis of the spine with increasingly severe back pain and disability.  The curvature tends to increase, and as it does it pushes down on the ribs attached to the spine. This in turn, narrows the chest cavity and restricts the ability of the lungs to expand. Thus, the lack of sufficient oxygen intake hampers full metabolic efficiency throughout the lifetime, which as we have noted, is usually shortened.

* 5 fused sacral vertebrae forming a solid bone, the sacrum, which fits like a wedge between the hip bones.  Plus a number of vertebrae which are fused together to form the bottom or base of the spine, known as the coccyx at the bottom of the sacrum.  During the fetal period, the spinal column forms a single curve with the convex surface toward the back. However, at birth, two main curvatures are present, both of which are concave forward. The upper curvature is located in the thoracic and the lower one in the sacral region. With normal development, two compensatory forward curvatures develop in the cervical and lumbar regions, just above the primary curvatures. These provide the resiliency which a stacked bone structure could not possibly provide. Unfortunately, as we have noted, a perfectly-formed spine is a rarity, indeed, in today’s world.  As can be seen in the diagrams which follow, the vertebrae serve as protective housing for the spinal cord which functions in the transmission of ascending impulses from all parts of the total body up to the brain and of descending impulses and directives from the brain via the cord to all parts of the total body. This housing is known as the spinal canal. Peripheral nerves from many parts of the body enter into this housing and are affiliated with the main nerve cord. These transmit all manner of information from peripheral centers to the cord and thence to the brain and also appropriate responses from the cerebral centers back to the peripheral regions, and finally to individual cells. Every single muscular movement requires this transmission of information, the cerebral interpretation and the psychological and physical result(s) of the interpretation, the response.  96.4.1 Not Just a Cosmetic Problem  A spinal abnormality is not just a cosmetic problem, although that can be psychologically damaging in itself since it can lead possibly to rejection by one’s peers particularly during the teen years and to depression and social isolation.  But, additionally, since all such irregularities tend to cramp all the abdominal and chest organs and can act. as an impediment to breathing, to digestion, and, in fact, to all bodily processes and will continue to do so throughout all of a shortened life, they should be corrected as early as possible and to the extent possible.  Unless mechanical corrective exercises and perhaps even braces are worn, the deformity can provide a seat for continued degenerative processes with later development of arthritis of the spine with increasingly severe back pain and disability.  The curvature tends to increase, and as it does it pushes down on the ribs attached to the spine. This in turn, narrows the chest cavity and restricts the ability of the lungs to expand. Thus, the lack of sufficient oxygen intake hampers full metabolic efficiency throughout the lifetime, which as we have noted, is usually shortened.

Dr. Hugo Keim of the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons is reported to have said, “Telling a child with a scoliotic back to stand up straight is like telling a man with tuberculosis to stop coughing.” Thus, most specialists insist on using the brace.

Dr. Hugo Keim of the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons is reported to have said, “Telling a child with a scoliotic back to stand up straight is like telling a man with tuberculosis to stop coughing.” Thus, most specialists insist on using the brace.

The most commonly-used brace, the Milwaukee, consists of “a leather or plastic pelvic girdle to which are attached three upright bars, one in front and two in the back. At the upper ends of the bars is a ring that circles the neck. A child wears the brace 23 hours a day, with an hour break for bathing, swimming or relaxing. Exercises are per- formed daily in and out of the brace. Total time in the brace averages 36 months, during which the child may take part in most of his usual activities.” (Quoted from Parade, Oct. 28, 1979.)

The most commonly-used brace, the Milwaukee, consists of “a leather or plastic pelvic girdle to which are attached three upright bars, one in front and two in the back. At the upper ends of the bars is a ring that circles the neck. A child wears the brace 23 hours a day, with an hour break for bathing, swimming or relaxing. Exercises are performed daily in and out of the brace. Total time in the brace averages 36 months, during which the child may take part in most of his usual activities.” (Quoted from Parade, Oct. 28, 1979.)

If braces are used, they should be employed between the ages of 10 and 15, the peri- od when growth tends to spurt and scoliosis most commonly develops. Dr. Keim main- tains that exercises are not sufficient to treat scoliosis, that using the brace is a “must.”

If braces are used, they should be employed between the ages of 10 and 15, the period when growth tends to spurt and scoliosis most commonly develops. Dr. Keim maintains that exercises are not sufficient to treat scoliosis, that using the brace is a “must.”

Surgery is used in about one out of every 1,000 cases and is resorted to when bracing and exercises prove inadequate or when, in the beginning, it is obvious that other mea- sures are required. Following surgery, the patient must wear a cast that may remain in place for as long as from eight to ten or more months.

Surgery is used in about one out of every 1,000 cases and is resorted to when bracing and exercises prove inadequate or when, in the beginning, it is obvious that other measures are required. Following surgery, the patient must wear a cast that may remain in place for as long as from eight to ten or more months.

At the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, a Dr. Walter P. Bobechko and his col- leagues are said to be experimenting with the implanting of from three to six electrodes which are inserted into muscles of the back. During the night, while the patient sleeps, “mild electrical impulses are sent to the electrodes to activate the muscles so they grad- ually straighten the curve.” It is said that such treatment can only prove useful in young patients with at least two years’ growth remaining and a curvature of less than 40 de- grees.

At the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, a Dr. Walter P. Bobechko and his colleagues are said to be experimenting with the implanting of from three to six electrodes which are inserted into muscles of the back. During the night, while the patient sleeps, “mild electrical impulses are sent to the electrodes to activate the muscles so they gradually straighten the curve.” It is said that such treatment can only prove useful in young patients with at least two years’ growth remaining and a curvature of less than 40 degrees.

96.4.2 The Missing Ingredients

96.4.2 The Missing Ingredients

All methods presently employed by the medical community depend solely on me- chanical gadgets of one kind or another with the occasional administration of drugs to palliate symptoms of pain, to alter the mood when the patient becomes depressed, and/or to “biochemically balance” the mineral composition of the system. Little or no attention is given to the total spectrum of organic requisites or to the universality of the laws of life.

All methods presently employed by the medical community depend solely on mechanical gadgets of one kind or another with the occasional administration of drugs to palliate symptoms of pain, to alter the mood when the patient becomes depressed, and/or to “biochemically balance” the mineral composition of the system. Little or no attention is given to the total spectrum of organic requisites or to the universality of the laws of life.

Even a beginning Hygienist knows that when any living creature fails to receive the tools of life, he will eventually, sooner or later, find that his health will decline and his lifespan will be shortened in an amount determined by the extent of failure to meet the organic need. There can be no doubt that the body structure will be adversely affected.

Even a beginning Hygienist knows that when any living creature fails to receive the tools of life, he will eventually, sooner or later, find that his health will decline and his lifespan will be shortened in an amount determined by the extent of failure to meet the organic need. There can be no doubt that the body structure will be adversely affected.

Therefore, while the Hygienist would make full application of the laws of physics and his knowledge of the fact that all healing and repair must be self-instigated, self- regulated and self-powered, s/he would also employ all the known biodynamics of life, fresh air, pure water, sunshine and warmth, all the psychological “pluses of life,”—in fact, all the many “tools” the body must have to straighten out and remodel young mal- formed spines.

Therefore, while the Hygienist would make full application of the laws of physics and his knowledge of the fact that all healing and repair must be self-instigated, selfregulated and self-powered, s/he would also employ all the known biodynamics of life, fresh air, pure water, sunshine and warmth, all the psychological “pluses of life,”—in fact, all the many “tools” the body must have to straighten out and remodel young malformed spines.

Dr. Shelton in his book Exercise on page 262 says, “Lordosis is not difficult to cor- rect, but the corrective work must be continued for a prolonged period.” He goes on to state that this corrective work consists of training for proper posture, stretching the muscles and ligaments of the lumbar spine and strengthening the abdominal and psoas- iliacus muscles (lower end of spine), all accomplished in due course, through the pa- tient and persistent application of muscle stretching and working in specified patterns of movement, all of which, of course, must be pursued with full attention also being paid to all other biodynamics including revision of dietary practices when necessary, daily sun- bathing in the nude whenever possible, extended periods of rest and sleep, and so on.

Dr. Shelton in his book Exercise on page 262 says, “Lordosis is not difficult to correct, but the corrective work must be continued for a prolonged period.” He goes on to state that this corrective work consists of training for proper posture, stretching the muscles and ligaments of the lumbar spine and strengthening the abdominal and psoasiliacus muscles (lower end of spine), all accomplished in due course, through the patient and persistent application of muscle stretching and working in specified patterns of movement, all of which, of course, must be pursued with full attention also being paid to all other biodynamics including revision of dietary practices when necessary, daily sunbathing in the nude whenever possible, extended periods of rest and sleep, and so on.

Yesterday, while at the printers, we began talking with a woman who had heard about our interests in matters of health. She told us that her fifteen-year old daughter was af- flicted with scoliosis but strangely, according to her, “No one seems to know much about it.”

Yesterday, while at the printers, we began talking with a woman who had heard about our interests in matters of health. She told us that her fifteen-year old daughter was afflicted with scoliosis but strangely, according to her, “No one seems to know much about it.”

Upon inquiry, we learned that her daughter was receiving mineral medication in the form of multi-mineral capsules and a special pill “because she needs calcium.” We asked her to what her doctor attributed her daughter’s spinal abnormality and received the re- ply that “he said that no one knew what caused the condition and nobody knew how to treat it. She had come to the conclusion that her child would just have to live with it, meaning the scoliotic spine.

Upon inquiry, we learned that her daughter was receiving mineral medication in the form of multi-mineral capsules and a special pill “because she needs calcium.” We asked her to what her doctor attributed her daughter’s spinal abnormality and received the reply that “he said that no one knew what caused the condition and nobody knew how to treat it. She had come to the conclusion that her child would just have to live with it, meaning the scoliotic spine.

We suggested that possibly a Hygienist would be able to help her daughter and told her we’d be happy to recommend a good one to her and her daughter, one very knowl- edgeable about spines. We further encouraged her to study something about Natural Hy- giene, that perhaps some dietary improvement might be in order. She laughed and said, “You know how these teenagers are today. I’ll never get her off her hamburgers and coke!” And off she went, laughing.

We suggested that possibly a Hygienist would be able to help her daughter and told her we’d be happy to recommend a good one to her and her daughter, one very knowledgeable about spines. We further encouraged her to study something about Natural Hygiene, that perhaps some dietary improvement might be in order. She laughed and said, “You know how these teenagers are today. I’ll never get her off her hamburgers and coke!” And off she went, laughing.

Little did she realize that, in all likelihood, by such casual acceptance of the commonly-held belief that “nothing much can be done,” she, in all likelihood, was con- demning her child to a lifetime of low-back pain plus a multitude of allied disorders stemming from an impinged nervous system and an impaired digestive tract.

Little did she realize that, in all likelihood, by such casual acceptance of the commonly-held belief that “nothing much can be done,” she, in all likelihood, was condemning her child to a lifetime of low-back pain plus a multitude of allied disorders stemming from an impinged nervous system and an impaired digestive tract.

96.4.3 How to Detect Spinal Abnormalities

96.4.3 How to Detect Spinal Abnormalities

# When the arms are hanging down loosely at the sides, is the distance between the arm  and body on one side greater than on the other?

# When the arms are hanging down loosely at the sides, is the distance between the arm  and body on one side greater than on the other?

# Does one hip seem higher or more prominent than the other?

# Does one hip seem higher or more prominent than the other?

# Does the child seem to lean to one side?  Now, with the child bending forward, arms hanging down loosely and palms touch- ing each other at about knee level, look carefully.

# Does the child seem to lean to one side?  Now, with the child bending forward, arms hanging down loosely and palms touching each other at about knee level, look carefully.

# Do you see a lump in the back in the rib area?

# Do you see a lump in the back in the rib area?

# Test your posture by standing with your back against a wall. Learn the mechanics of good posture by trying to straighten your back. Avoid a lazy slouched posture or a too rigid posture, either of which will tend to emphasize existing curves in the back.

# Test your posture by standing with your back against a wall. Learn the mechanics of good posture by trying to straighten your back. Avoid a lazy slouched posture or a too rigid posture, either of which will tend to emphasize existing curves in the back.

# Straightenthecurveinyourneckbystandingtallwiththechinslightlytuckedin.Stand- ing tall, consciously, is part of the Alexander Technique. Notice how it seems to re-align every part of the body, both internally and externally.

# Straightenthecurveinyourneckbystandingtallwiththechinslightlytuckedin.Standing tall, consciously, is part of the Alexander Technique. Notice how it seems to re-align every part of the body, both internally and externally.

# Tallgirlsandboysmaytrytolookshorterbyslumping.Mostshortpeopletendtohave good posture with spines well positioned. Teenagers should be encouraged to straighten

# Tallgirlsandboysmaytrytolookshorterbyslumping.Mostshortpeopletendtohave good posture with spines well positioned. Teenagers should be encouraged to straighten

# Stand behind a straight chair. Hold on to the back. Now assume a squatting position.  Maintain this position as long as possible. Repeat for from two to five or more minutes  several times a day.

# Stand behind a straight chair. Hold on to the back. Now assume a squatting position.  Maintain this position as long as possible. Repeat for from two to five or more minutes  several times a day.

# Atworkorathome,sitonastraight-backedchair.Leanforwardinthechairandlower  the head to your knees. Maintain this position for at least one minute. Repeat, until you can hold the position for as long as five minutes. Notice how the back muscles are being pulled.

# Atworkorathome,sitonastraight-backedchair.Leanforwardinthechairandlower  the head to your knees. Maintain this position for at least one minute. Repeat, until you can hold the position for as long as five minutes. Notice how the back muscles are being pulled.

# Use the slanting board several times a day. If a slanting board is inconvenient to use, as at work, simply lie on the floor and place both legs on a chair. Press shoulders back to floor. Maintain position for from five minutes (at first beginning) to as long as thirty minutes, after practice.  Many people think that just because the muscles on their arms and legs are strong and muscular, that the muscles on the back will be in a like condition. This is not neces- sarily so.  The muscles of the back should be thought of as being similar to the guide-wires that support a growing tree. If these wires are strong and kept taut, the tree will grow straight and be flexible but if, however, the wires are loose and malpositioned, the tree may not fare at all well, becoming crooked.  It is the same with the spine. If the tools for proper maintenance are lacking, the spine may become crooked with swayback or some other impairment developing. Therefore, it is important for both the back and the abdominal muscles to be strengthened in all persons, but especially when a scoliotic spine is evidenced. These back and abdominal muscles are the “guide-wires” to impart strength and flexibility to the spine.  96.4.5 Exercises for More Severe Scoliotic Impairments  These exercises may be performed in addition to those already suggested for milder impairments of the spine.

# Use the slanting board several times a day. If a slanting board is inconvenient to use, as at work, simply lie on the floor and place both legs on a chair. Press shoulders back to floor. Maintain position for from five minutes (at first beginning) to as long as thirty minutes, after practice.  Many people think that just because the muscles on their arms and legs are strong and muscular, that the muscles on the back will be in a like condition. This is not necessarily so.  The muscles of the back should be thought of as being similar to the guide-wires that support a growing tree. If these wires are strong and kept taut, the tree will grow straight and be flexible but if, however, the wires are loose and malpositioned, the tree may not fare at all well, becoming crooked.  It is the same with the spine. If the tools for proper maintenance are lacking, the spine may become crooked with swayback or some other impairment developing. Therefore, it is important for both the back and the abdominal muscles to be strengthened in all persons, but especially when a scoliotic spine is evidenced. These back and abdominal muscles are the “guide-wires” to impart strength and flexibility to the spine.  96.4.5 Exercises for More Severe Scoliotic Impairments  These exercises may be performed in addition to those already suggested for milder impairments of the spine.

# Partialbendingforwardwhilemaintainingastraightback.Clientmaysitinachairwhile performing this exercise. The number of repetitions (reps) will vary with the vigor of each client. Start with five.

# Partialbendingforwardwhilemaintainingastraightback.Clientmaysitinachairwhile performing this exercise. The number of repetitions (reps) will vary with the vigor of each client. Start with five.

# Lyingontheback,elevatefeetandlegstoverticalpositionpointingthetoesandtrying to reach the ceiling.

# Lyingontheback,elevatefeetandlegstoverticalpositionpointingthetoesandtrying to reach the ceiling.

# Placeclientonatablewithlegsextendedinfrontofhim,thekneesheldstraight.Stand in front of subject and grasp both wrists. Have client’s feet push against your abdomen. Now pull the client forward and downward as far as possible. Repeat several times.

# Placeclientonatablewithlegsextendedinfrontofhim,thekneesheldstraight.Stand in front of subject and grasp both wrists. Have client’s feet push against your abdomen. Now pull the client forward and downward as far as possible. Repeat several times.

# Lieonthefloorwiththehandsbehindthehead,elbowsonthefloor.Keepingtheknees straight, raise the legs and thighs to a 45° angle. Now, extend the legs outward in oppo- site directions. Bring back to position. Repeat several times. Relax. Elevate again, ex- tend, etc. Repeat several times.

# Lieonthefloorwiththehandsbehindthehead,elbowsonthefloor.Keepingtheknees straight, raise the legs and thighs to a 45° angle. Now, extend the legs outward in opposite directions. Bring back to position. Repeat several times. Relax. Elevate again, extend, etc. Repeat several times.

# Lyingonthebackbringthekneesuponthechest.Spreadthelegsapartasyoustraighten the knees, then draw the feet together. Repeat several times without resting the legs on the floor between movements.

# Lyingonthebackbringthekneesuponthechest.Spreadthelegsapartasyoustraighten the knees, then draw the feet together. Repeat several times without resting the legs on the floor between movements.

# AssumesamepostureasinExercise6,imagineaballoontiedonastringbeingsuspend- ed from the ceiling. Kick the balloon away from you, using both feet simultaneously.

# AssumesamepostureasinExercise6,imagineaballoontiedonastringbeingsuspended from the ceiling. Kick the balloon away from you, using both feet simultaneously.

# Lieonthebackonatable.DrawonekneeuponthechestwhiletheHygienictherapist

# Lieonthebackonatable.DrawonekneeuponthechestwhiletheHygienictherapist

# Hangonbar.Raisethekneesupwarduntiltheyareatrightanglestotheabdomen.Hold for several seconds. Relax. Repeat.

# Hangonbar.Raisethekneesupwarduntiltheyareatrightanglestotheabdomen.Hold for several seconds. Relax. Repeat.

# Hangonbar.Extendlegsoutwardandupwarduntiltheyareatrightangles.Holdfora few seconds. Relax. Repeat.

# Hangonbar.Extendlegsoutwardandupwarduntiltheyareatrightangles.Holdfora few seconds. Relax. Repeat.

# Hangingonabar,flexkneesasinExerciseNumber10above.Now,straightenlegsout- wards. Hold. Relax. Repeat.

# Hangingonabar,flexkneesasinExerciseNumber10above.Now,straightenlegsoutwards. Hold. Relax. Repeat.

# Simply hang from the bar in a relaxed position for a few seconds. Repeat several times.  96.4.6 Exercises to Strengthen Abdominal Muscles  As previously noted, it is just as important to strengthen the muscles of the abdomen as those ‘supporting the spine in the back. However/in this connection, it is important to choose exercises wisely.  Exercise, to be constructive, should not be easy but, on the other side of the coin, neither should they cause pain. If pain results from a particular exercise, that exercise should immediately be stopped. Pain is a body signal that injury has either occurred, or that one may be imminent. A wise precaution for therapists to follow is to do less than you should early on in working with a client. One can always add on, i.e., increase the intensiveness and/or the extensiveness of a particular muscle movement but, once an in- jury has resulted from the wrong kind of exercise or the manner in which a particular exercise was performed, then it is too late and further activity must be delayed until full healing has taken place, this sometimes requiring a prolonged rest—delaying progress. It is best always to keep in mind our “baby step” approach. Succeed with small success- es.  The following exercises are suggested to strengthen abdominal muscles. They can be done in sequence or selections made to suit a special need.

# Simply hang from the bar in a relaxed position for a few seconds. Repeat several times.  96.4.6 Exercises to Strengthen Abdominal Muscles  As previously noted, it is just as important to strengthen the muscles of the abdomen as those ‘supporting the spine in the back. However/in this connection, it is important to choose exercises wisely.  Exercise, to be constructive, should not be easy but, on the other side of the coin, neither should they cause pain. If pain results from a particular exercise, that exercise should immediately be stopped. Pain is a body signal that injury has either occurred, or that one may be imminent. A wise precaution for therapists to follow is to do less than you should early on in working with a client. One can always add on, i.e., increase the intensiveness and/or the extensiveness of a particular muscle movement but, once an injury has resulted from the wrong kind of exercise or the manner in which a particular exercise was performed, then it is too late and further activity must be delayed until full healing has taken place, this sometimes requiring a prolonged rest—delaying progress. It is best always to keep in mind our “baby step” approach. Succeed with small successes.  The following exercises are suggested to strengthen abdominal muscles. They can be done in sequence or selections made to suit a special need.

# Lyingflat,onthebackonthefloor,legsoutstretchedinfrontofyou,pointthetoesand stretch to the extent possible. Relax. Notice the pull on the abdominal muscles. This ex- ercise strengthens ligaments and muscles that lie vertically.

# Lyingflat,onthebackonthefloor,legsoutstretchedinfrontofyou,pointthetoesand stretch to the extent possible. Relax. Notice the pull on the abdominal muscles. This exercise strengthens ligaments and muscles that lie vertically.

# This next exercise may be done in three levels of achievement.  Lie flat on your back with both legs and thighs straight. Point the toes of both feet  and raise both legs. Lower and repeat.  The three stages of effort exerted in doing this exercise will depend, of course, upon  the strength of individual muscles. It is not wise to attempt Stages 2 or 3 before gaining sufficient strength to perform Stage 1 with ease. After Stage 1 is accomplished, then the client may progress to Stage 2, and so on.  Stage 1. Have an assistant hold down the back while another assists the client in per- forming the upward movement of the legs. As strength increases, less assistance should be given.  Stage 2. The client places hands under the buttocks and lends support himself as legs are raised. An assistant may hold down the back in the early days of progression, but all assistance should eventually be abandoned as strength improves.  Stage 3. The client should perform this exercise unassisted.

# This next exercise may be done in three levels of achievement.  Lie flat on your back with both legs and thighs straight. Point the toes of both feet  and raise both legs. Lower and repeat.  The three stages of effort exerted in doing this exercise will depend, of course, upon  the strength of individual muscles. It is not wise to attempt Stages 2 or 3 before gaining sufficient strength to perform Stage 1 with ease. After Stage 1 is accomplished, then the client may progress to Stage 2, and so on.  Stage 1. Have an assistant hold down the back while another assists the client in performing the upward movement of the legs. As strength increases, less assistance should be given.  Stage 2. The client places hands under the buttocks and lends support himself as legs are raised. An assistant may hold down the back in the early days of progression, but all assistance should eventually be abandoned as strength improves.  Stage 3. The client should perform this exercise unassisted.

# Lyingontheback,raisetherightlegtoaverticalposition.Nowcarrythelegacrossthe  left leg as far as you can. The goal is to touch the floor on that side. Now return the leg to its former vertical position. Repeat. Do the same exercise with the opposite leg being raised and carried to the floor on the opposite side.

# Lyingontheback,raisetherightlegtoaverticalposition.Nowcarrythelegacrossthe  left leg as far as you can. The goal is to touch the floor on that side. Now return the leg to its former vertical position. Repeat. Do the same exercise with the opposite leg being raised and carried to the floor on the opposite side.

# Lyingonthefloorwiththefeethookedunderthebedframeorwithanassistantholding the feet firmly on the floor, with arms folded across the chest, raise body up to a sitting position.

# Lyingonthefloorwiththefeethookedunderthebedframeorwithanassistantholding the feet firmly on the floor, with arms folded across the chest, raise body up to a sitting position.

Stage 2. Place hands under buttocks, feet firmly held by either an assistant or under bed frame or other restraint, raise body up to sitting position unassisted by therapist.

Stage 2. Place hands under buttocks, feet firmly held by either an assistant or under bed frame or other restraint, raise body up to sitting position unassisted by therapist.

Stage 3. Hands folded across chest, feet firmly planted or held, with therapist assist- ing upward movement, raise to sitting position.

Stage 3. Hands folded across chest, feet firmly planted or held, with therapist assisting upward movement, raise to sitting position.

Stage 4. Perform exercise unassisted.

Stage 4. Perform exercise unassisted.

Stage 5. Lie flat on floor, arms extended fully behind head and on floor. Throw arms forward and at the same time, sit up. No assistance. In early days, it may be well to keep knees bent or even to elevate the legs vertically and use their pull to assist the body to attain the sitting position.

Stage 5. Lie flat on floor, arms extended fully behind head and on floor. Throw arms forward and at the same time, sit up. No assistance. In early days, it may be well to keep knees bent or even to elevate the legs vertically and use their pull to assist the body to attain the sitting position.

Stage 6. The difficulty of this exercise may be increased by clasping the hands be- hind the head and, without assistance, raising the body up to the sitting position. In per- forming this movement, the arms and shoulders should be held firmly back. Otherwise, this exercise has a tendency to encourage a rounding of the shoulders.

Stage 6. The difficulty of this exercise may be increased by clasping the hands behind the head and, without assistance, raising the body up to the sitting position. In performing this movement, the arms and shoulders should be held firmly back. Otherwise, this exercise has a tendency to encourage a rounding of the shoulders.

5. Twistingofthetorso.Standuprightwithfeetslightlyapart.Placehandsonhipsandfo- cus eyes on a central spot on the floor. While performing this exercise, keep the eyes focused on this spot. Now, twist to the right as far as possible without straining, then to the right. Up to 20 reps. This is Stage 1.

5. Twistingofthetorso.Standuprightwithfeetslightlyapart.Placehandsonhipsandfocus eyes on a central spot on the floor. While performing this exercise, keep the eyes focused on this spot. Now, twist to the right as far as possible without straining, then to the right. Up to 20 reps. This is Stage 1.

Stage 2. Focus eyes on a spot about half way up the wall directly ahead of you; or, if out of doors, focus on some central object. Repeat physical movement, twisting to right and left, but keep the eyes on the one spot. Up to 20 reps.

Stage 2. Focus eyes on a spot about half way up the wall directly ahead of you; or, if out of doors, focus on some central object. Repeat physical movement, twisting to right and left, but keep the eyes on the one spot. Up to 20 reps.

Stage 3. Focus eyes on a spot above in front of you on ceiling. Repeat exercise as above.

Stage 3. Focus eyes on a spot above in front of you on ceiling. Repeat exercise as above.

A dual benefit is received from this twisting exercise: stretching and firming of the horizontal abdominal and back muscles plus accomplishing the same for the eye mus- cles. Blinking the eyes after this exercise will help to relax the muscles.

A dual benefit is received from this twisting exercise: stretching and firming of the horizontal abdominal and back muscles plus accomplishing the same for the eye muscles. Blinking the eyes after this exercise will help to relax the muscles.

96.4.7 Exercises to Strengthen Side Muscles

96.4.7 Exercises to Strengthen Side Muscles

In correcting spinal imperfections, it is important to work also specifically on the side muscles. The following exercises are designed to stretch and strengthen these seldom-used muscles.

In correcting spinal imperfections, it is important to work also specifically on the side muscles. The following exercises are designed to stretch and strengthen these seldom-used muscles.

# Standerect,withthefeettogetherandthearmsextendedoverthehead.Bendsideways at the waist, carrying the extended arms over slightly in advance of the head. Bend al- ternately from left to right but hold each bend for from 5 to 30 seconds. Keep the legs straight as you bend.

# Standerect,withthefeettogetherandthearmsextendedoverthehead.Bendsideways at the waist, carrying the extended arms over slightly in advance of the head. Bend alternately from left to right but hold each bend for from 5 to 30 seconds. Keep the legs straight as you bend.

# Restweightofthebodyontherightbendedknee.Extendleftlegouttotheside.Now bend the body to the right as far as possible without raising the left foot from the floor. Therapist should assist client in maintaining balance.

# Restweightofthebodyontherightbendedknee.Extendleftlegouttotheside.Now bend the body to the right as far as possible without raising the left foot from the floor. Therapist should assist client in maintaining balance.

# Repeatexerciseno.2inthereverseposition,restingweightonleftkneeandextending the right leg and bend to the left.

# Repeatexerciseno.2inthereverseposition,restingweightonleftkneeandextending the right leg and bend to the left.

# Lieontherightsideonfloor.Balancebodywitharms.Raiseextendedleftleguntilitis perpendicular with the body.

# Lieontherightsideonfloor.Balancebodywitharms.Raiseextendedleftleguntilitis perpendicular with the body.

# Repeatexerciseno.4whilelyingontheleftside.(Exercisesnumbers4and5maybein- creased in effectiveness by adding weights to ankles. These may be purchased at almost any sports store.)

# Repeatexerciseno.4whilelyingontheleftside.(Exercisesnumbers4and5maybeincreased in effectiveness by adding weights to ankles. These may be purchased at almost any sports store.)

# Standerectwithabarbellofconvenientweightsuspendedacrossshouldersandbehind head. Bend alternately from one side to the other.

# Standerectwithabarbellofconvenientweightsuspendedacrossshouldersandbehind head. Bend alternately from one side to the other.

# Resttheweightofthebodyontheextendedrightarmandonrightfoot.Placelefthand behind head. Now lower the hips until they touch the floor. From this position, bring the body up and raise the hips until the body is arched. Lower and repeat. Therapist should support and assist on first doing this exercise and it should not be attempted until back, stomach and side muscles have shown progress.

# Resttheweightofthebodyontheextendedrightarmandonrightfoot.Placelefthand behind head. Now lower the hips until they touch the floor. From this position, bring the body up and raise the hips until the body is arched. Lower and repeat. Therapist should support and assist on first doing this exercise and it should not be attempted until back, stomach and side muscles have shown progress.

# Perform exercise no. 7 from the opposite side, resting the body weight on the feet, ex- tending the left arm.

# Perform exercise no. 7 from the opposite side, resting the body weight on the feet, extending the left arm.

== Correct Postural Maintenance Vital To Wellness  ==

== Correct Postural Maintenance Vital To Wellness  ==

96.5.4 If There Is a Back Injury, Certain Common Habits Should Be Overcome

96.5.4 If There Is a Back Injury, Certain Common Habits Should Be Overcome

The posture of the average American and also that of many others we have observed in our travels is in a sad state. Many deviations from the norm can be observed, espe- cially in the natural curves of the spine. Postural defects are less serious than scoliotic ailments which represent degenerative changes brought about by incorrect habits of liv- ing. Postural defects can be more easily corrected than scoliotic abnormalities and in a shorter time.  It is important for the individual to maintain good posture for when the body parts are balanced and integrated, arranged naturally in a flexible manner, with energy and movement directed upward, the whole torso following—going with—the head, the en- tire body, its cells and organs and systems will be enabled to function more efficiently and in a more flexible manner.  When the body is balanced, correct nerve messages are relayed from one part to an- other, from one system to another system. There is better coordination and synchroniza- tion of part to part. When parts are correctly aligned, one to another, only those muscles which are essential to a particular action will be used to perform that action, thus saving precious vital energy. One can accomplish more and perform better and feel less tired than where the parts remain uncoordinated, poorly synchronized due to misalignment through carelessness or habitual slouching. In other words, when the posture is poor, we work against ourselves, we use energy that we need not expend to perform functional duties and movements just because everything in the body is not in its more proper posi- tion of balance. The systemic equilibrium is destroyed, tension pervades the body, even though we may not be consciously aware of such tension. This is exactly the same kind of tension (stress) that is radiated outwards in a leaning tower (as, for example, in the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa located in the Piazza del Duomo in the northeast part of the Italian city), or in a pile of bricks which have been incorrectly stacked.  Incorrect posture, in time, will lead to chronic low back pain, a condition which trou- bles many people today. There are many causes of poor posture: malnutrition, lack of exercise, occupational fatigue; emotional problems concerned with such things as fami- ly, financial security, sprains, disc damage, habits of daily living, etc.  When we consider that the average American spends countless hours every day star- ing at a television tube while sitting slouched down in an overstuffed chair, it is a wonder that we stand as straight and tall as we do and enjoy any degree of health!  96.5.1 Pain  Postural low back pain can be consistent and chronic and if we ignore the warning sign of early acute pain and do not begin a series of corrective measure, the aches and pains may become chronic, entering the vertical stage, until sooner or later, the back gives way.

The posture of the average American and also that of many others we have observed in our travels is in a sad state. Many deviations from the norm can be observed, especially in the natural curves of the spine. Postural defects are less serious than scoliotic ailments which represent degenerative changes brought about by incorrect habits of living. Postural defects can be more easily corrected than scoliotic abnormalities and in a shorter time.  It is important for the individual to maintain good posture for when the body parts are balanced and integrated, arranged naturally in a flexible manner, with energy and movement directed upward, the whole torso following—going with—the head, the entire body, its cells and organs and systems will be enabled to function more efficiently and in a more flexible manner.  When the body is balanced, correct nerve messages are relayed from one part to another, from one system to another system. There is better coordination and synchronization of part to part. When parts are correctly aligned, one to another, only those muscles which are essential to a particular action will be used to perform that action, thus saving precious vital energy. One can accomplish more and perform better and feel less tired than where the parts remain uncoordinated, poorly synchronized due to misalignment through carelessness or habitual slouching. In other words, when the posture is poor, we work against ourselves, we use energy that we need not expend to perform functional duties and movements just because everything in the body is not in its more proper position of balance. The systemic equilibrium is destroyed, tension pervades the body, even though we may not be consciously aware of such tension. This is exactly the same kind of tension (stress) that is radiated outwards in a leaning tower (as, for example, in the famous Leaning Tower of Pisa located in the Piazza del Duomo in the northeast part of the Italian city), or in a pile of bricks which have been incorrectly stacked.  Incorrect posture, in time, will lead to chronic low back pain, a condition which troubles many people today. There are many causes of poor posture: malnutrition, lack of exercise, occupational fatigue; emotional problems concerned with such things as family, financial security, sprains, disc damage, habits of daily living, etc.  When we consider that the average American spends countless hours every day staring at a television tube while sitting slouched down in an overstuffed chair, it is a wonder that we stand as straight and tall as we do and enjoy any degree of health!  96.5.1 Pain  Postural low back pain can be consistent and chronic and if we ignore the warning sign of early acute pain and do not begin a series of corrective measure, the aches and pains may become chronic, entering the vertical stage, until sooner or later, the back gives way.

Pain in the back develops when specific nerve endings are abnormally irritated and begin to send distress signals up the spinal cord to the brain’s control center. Sometimes, the back muscles will receive instructions to go into spasm in an effort to hold the back immobile and quiet.

Pain in the back develops when specific nerve endings are abnormally irritated and begin to send distress signals up the spinal cord to the brain’s control center. Sometimes, the back muscles will receive instructions to go into spasm in an effort to hold the back immobile and quiet.

All of us are aware of the fact that there are innumerable nerve endings which inter- twine and go in and out of the spinal cord. There are various conditions which can give rise to back pain such as were detailed above, these being both physical and/or emo- tional in kind. The worst enemies of the back are poor posture, a lack of exercise and overnutrition.

All of us are aware of the fact that there are innumerable nerve endings which intertwine and go in and out of the spinal cord. There are various conditions which can give rise to back pain such as were detailed above, these being both physical and/or emotional in kind. The worst enemies of the back are poor posture, a lack of exercise and overnutrition.

An increased lumbar curve as in sway back is indicative of a weak bony structure. Weak and flabby abdominal muscles (the familiar pot belly) deprives the back of its main support. Any overweight can add to back strain.

An increased lumbar curve as in sway back is indicative of a weak bony structure. Weak and flabby abdominal muscles (the familiar pot belly) deprives the back of its main support. Any overweight can add to back strain.

The average person when he feels pain simply takes a pill to get immediate relief. As Hygienists well know, such a practice is totally anti-health since chemical pain-killers act to narcotize the nerves, to prevent the cerebral recognition of the systemic danger that is presently threatening the life process. The cause or causes of the pain remain un- detected and, therefore, still working.

The average person when he feels pain simply takes a pill to get immediate relief. As Hygienists well know, such a practice is totally anti-health since chemical pain-killers act to narcotize the nerves, to prevent the cerebral recognition of the systemic danger that is presently threatening the life process. The cause or causes of the pain remain undetected and, therefore, still working.

But, there may be another and less apparent hazard in such a practice. Dr. Steven F. Brena, director of the Pain Control Center at Emory University in Atlanta believes that drugs become “associated with the pain itself, so the very act of popping a pill stimulates the feeling of pain.”

But, there may be another and less apparent hazard in such a practice. Dr. Steven F. Brena, director of the Pain Control Center at Emory University in Atlanta believes that drugs become “associated with the pain itself, so the very act of popping a pill stimulates the feeling of pain.”